Classical Persia

9/13/2019

As discussed, we need evidence about the Classical Persians due to their importance, both in the Classical Era and for later history. Submit your research in blog posts but make sure to label each post with the relevant SPICE-T course theme (this part is graded). Use ALL CAPS for key term "evidence." Include links to great resources for future access as well. Try not to copy/paste voluminous texts as I expect us to read through this post and we wouldn't want to make it too taxing...like the Persians...who levied historically "fair" taxes.

ex. P - Persia ruled through a system of SATRAPS (districts) with regional SATRAPIES (governors).

https://www.freeman-pedia.com/

Hazah! Historical Research!!!

39 Comments

Hannah Roberts link

9/13/2019 01:04:36 pm

Economics
Darius introduced a standard currency—a gold coin... Having a standardized currency encouraged more economic activity within the empire by making transactions easier. Unlike specific goods and services, money was accepted by almost everyone in exchange for almost anything.

bre sosa

9/13/2019 01:06:19 pm

economy:
- King Darius( 522- 486 B.C.E) the Great (3rd Persian king of Achaemenid Empire) instituted many economic innovations and reforms: systematized taxation; standardized weights, measures, and monetary units (the first successful widespread use of coins); improved transportation routes, royal trading ships, promotion of agriculture, a banking system, and the promotion of international trade.

bre sosa

9/13/2019 01:07:30 pm

economy:
- Darius encouraged trade and by building roads; thriving trade of gold, silver, copper, lead, and blue lapis lazuli kept Persia in contact with neighbors to the east and the west)

Camile + Belen

9/13/2019 01:08:04 pm

Political- Persia was ruled by the Persian Empire with only one emperor. Their legal system helped Persia stay stable and let their citizens have rights. Their government was heavily based off of tolerance and diplomacy.

https://thepersianpeople.weebly.com (Also has all spicet themes except i)

Camile

9/13/2019 01:10:48 pm

Never mind there is i

Angel and Chandler

9/13/2019 01:08:23 pm

Technology: Persians engineered ingenious irrigation and sewage systems for their cities. Underground tunnels, or qanats, were dug to bring groundwater to their fields. A qanat is a gently sloping underground channel that carries water from an aquifer or water well to houses and fields. Therefore, a hot, dry climate, they were able to plant beautiful gardens.

https://www.ancienthistorylists.com/mesopotamia-history/top-10-inventions-of-persian-civilizations/

bre sosa

9/13/2019 01:08:25 pm

economy:
- For formal tax levies, each satrapy had to pay a tribute in silver and a levy of horses and slaves. Tax collectors and record keepers were used to help manage the economy. Darius I introduced a gold daric, forming the basis of the monetary system, and the silver sheke

George Najm

9/13/2019 01:08:47 pm

Cultural

Cyrus would allow people to practice their preferred religion and speak their own languages, even sometimes adopted some of their subjects religious practices for themselves.

George Najm

9/13/2019 01:10:28 pm

http://www.ushistory.org/civ/4e.asp

George Najm

9/13/2019 01:15:13 pm

One artistic technique incorporated from other cultures involved the smithing and hammering of gold, possibly adopted from the Medes. The most common surviving metal objects are ceremonial drinking cups.

George

9/13/2019 01:18:31 pm

Cultural

Hannah Roberts

9/13/2019 01:09:41 pm

Economics
Darius’ new universal currency, the DARIC, made it easier to collect taxes on land, livestock, and marketplaces, which led to improved revenues for the empire.
( www.ancient.eu )

https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.ancient.eu/amp/1-357/

bre sosa

9/13/2019 01:11:06 pm

economy:
- obtained most of wealth from their prolific crops (Barley was the cereal crop and could be grown in most empires)
- government money was invested in improving irrigation and farming techniques

Hannah Roberts

9/13/2019 01:11:14 pm

Economics/Human Environment Interaction
The acquisition of the Median Empire, Lydia, Babylon, Egypt, areas in India made Persia an economic powerhouse. Persia controlled the rich agricultural areas of Mesopotamia, the grasslands of Anatolia, trade routes in every direction, and rich deposits of metals.

http://persianempires.com/trade-in-persian-empire.html

Miranda lucero link

9/13/2019 01:11:55 pm

Social Interactions
IN urban areas Persian society is stratified by profession; Upper class consist of real-estate investors, commercial entrepreneurs, etc.
Middle Class- consists largely of civil servants and white-collar workers.
Lowest class includes the unskilled and unemployed
IN rural areas stratification is much less marked.

bre sosa

9/13/2019 01:12:48 pm

sources:
(http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/economy-iii)
( https://study.com/academy/lesson/the-persian-empire-economy-trade.html)

Angel and Chandler

9/13/2019 01:12:54 pm

Technology: The yakhchal is an ancient evaporation cooler which the Persians created and mastered the technique of building and using the yakhchal by 400 BC. These ancient refrigerators were mainly built and used in Persia. Using thick, heat-resistant construction materials, the subterranean storage space was insulated year-round.

https://www.ancienthistorylists.com/mesopotamia-history/top-10-inventions-of-persian-civilizations/

Hannah Roberts

9/13/2019 01:14:55 pm

Economics

The ability to concentrate wealth allowed Darius to pay for the construction of an impressive new imperial capital, called Parsa, better known to history as Persepolis

https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/world-history/ancient-medieval/ancient-persia/a/the-rise-of-persia

Miranda lucero link

9/13/2019 01:15:48 pm

Cultural
Persians hold high value in telling the truth. Telling a lie was one of the most disgraceful things a person could do.
Persians followed a religion called Zoroastrianism which were the teachings of Zoroaster. They believed in one main god called Ahura Mazda.

George Najm

9/13/2019 01:17:11 pm

Multilingual inscriptions, such as those on a relief of Cyrus the Great, demonstrate the diversity of those living in the Persian Empire.

https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-arthistory/chapter/persia/

Camile + Belen

9/13/2019 01:17:36 pm

While King Darius ruled, the empire was divided into 20 provinces to try to stop any single region from becoming more powerful than the other. Each province was ruled by a governor, called a SATRAP.

https://www.factmonster.com/history/ancient/dk-history-persian-empire

Angel and Chandler

9/13/2019 01:17:41 pm

Technology: Abu Bakr Muhammad Ibn Jakarta al-Razi, a Persian astronomer, mathematician, and geographer, was the first to discover sulphuric acid.

https://www.ancienthistorylists.com/mesopotamia-history/top-10-inventions-of-persian-civilizations/

George Najm

9/13/2019 01:18:08 pm

Assyria, ancient Egypt, and Mycenae are three of many cultures whose styles feature in Persian art.

Belen And Camile

9/13/2019 01:18:53 pm

Political Militay Facts
Persia military was divided accordingly having ARCHERS, CALVARY, CHARIOTS, and ‘WAR BOATS’ adopted from the Greeks.
https://brewminate.com/the-strength-and-structure-of-the-ancient-persian-army/

Miranda lucero link

9/13/2019 01:20:03 pm

Political
- Tolerance was high as long as they paid their taxes and obeyed the Persian rulers.
- To control the Empire, each area had a ruler called a satrap. Satraps were like governors of the area

Daniel Flores link

9/13/2019 01:22:14 pm

Cultural and Political
Islam became the dominant religion in the Persian empire after the Arab conquest of the seventh century. The first empire was shaped by a different religion: Zoroastrianism. It’s arguably the worlds first monotheistic religion.
Persia became one of the largest empires in history. After Persia’s failed invasion of Greece, the costly defense of Persia’s land depleted the empire’s funds, this lead to heavier taxation among Persia’s subjects.

Angel and Chandler

9/13/2019 01:22:30 pm

Technology: Persian cavalry began using shields. They were made from wicker and leather to keep them light. These shields were an imitation of those carried by the Saka, who the Persians had frequently fought. Persian heavy cavalry regiments eventually adopted them.

https://www.warhistoryonline.com/world-war-ii/enemy-us-surrounded-wont-get-away-time-chesty-puller-american-hero-m.html

Angel and Chandler

9/14/2019 06:26:57 pm

Technology: Incorporation of soldiers from conquered territories additionally brought forth unique military ideas that were quickly adopted by the Persians. Weaponry from both the Saka tribes and Indians, such as their ARCHERY BOWS and WAR ELEPHANTS respectively, were soon prevalent in the conquest of expanding Persia.

https://brewminate.com/the-strength-and-structure-of-the-ancient-persian-army/

Angel and Chandler

9/14/2019 06:36:38 pm

Technology: The Persian archers were one of the bravest fighters in the Persian army. They were located at the front line of attack, raining volleys of arrows down on the opposing force after the Chariots begin the war. The archers were also held much high in regard, with the bow being the national arm of the ancient Achaemenid Empire. This was a technique used to fight in wars.

https://brewminate.com/the-strength-and-structure-of-the-ancient-persian-army/

Angel and Chandler

9/14/2019 06:42:24 pm

Technology: Studying his Greek enemies, Cyrus the Great realized the importance of cavalry to an army, which could move quickly over extensive distances. He adopted the tactics from the Khorassan horsemen and constructed the Persian cavalry into the world’s largest mounted army. The strategical role of this infantry was to pester the enemies and draw them into battles.

https://brewminate.com/the-strength-and-structure-of-the-ancient-persian-army/

angel and chandler

9/14/2019 06:47:15 pm

Technology: The Persians wanted to disrupt the Greek’s orderly lines to allow their own archers to aim as many Greek soldiers as possible. Thus, they decided to deploy the scythed chariot.The scythed chariot had swords connected to the rotating axles at the wheels of the chariot, so that as the chariot drove pass, the swords sticking from either side of the wheels would swivel with such speed that it would kill the opposing enemies.

https://brewminate.com/the-strength-and-structure-of-the-ancient-persian-army/

angel and chandler

9/14/2019 06:50:55 pm

Technology: The Persians adopted Greek war ships called triremes and biremes. The long narrow ships triremes, supported three levels of rowers which included a long oar behind for steering, and at the front of the ship, a ram, made of an iron beam. The ram is used to stab into an enemy ship. This was yet another military innovation that was adopted by persian civilization from their enemies.

https://brewminate.com/the-strength-and-structure-of-the-ancient-persian-army/

Daniel Flores link

9/15/2019 11:53:20 am

Technology-
Persia created the first batteries, now a days we can find batteries anywhere and are used for mostly any object you find. In Persia they'd be used for electroplating objects with gold.

Mr. Sherer

9/16/2019 06:41:19 am

source?

Daniel Flores link

9/15/2019 11:58:44 am

Technology-
the earliest windmill dates back to about 3000 years to ancient Persia. the windmills were used to grind grain and pump water.

Mr. Sherer

9/16/2019 06:42:10 am

Persia didn;t really exist 3,000 YBP, so...

Daniel Florse link

9/15/2019 12:08:14 pm

social interactions-
effects of Persians wars and invasions

Megan Cox

9/15/2019 03:56:03 pm

The social structure started to break down once there was no longer a strong leader. The people below the upper class started organizing riots and other actions of revolt against the rulers. This caused the rulers to go against their religion by working for the evil spirits. Kings became greedy and began stealing from the supply if riches rather than giving it to the people.
Source
https://sites.google.com/a/jeffcoschools.us/ancient-persia-dreier-lyons/reasons-for-its-decline-and-fall

Megan Cox

9/15/2019 04:00:24 pm

Human Environment interaction
When at it’s largest The Persian empire stretched from The Caucasus and West Asia to what was then Macedonia (today’s Balkans), the Black Sea, Central Asia, and even into Africa including parts of Libya and Egypt.
Source: https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.history.com/.amp/topics/ancient-middle-east/persian-empire

Classical Persia

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